Nutrition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sustenance - Essay Example The Six Classes of Essential Nutrients Proteins, sugars, water, lipids, minerals, and nutrients are the key basic supplements for the human body. Proteins starches, water, and lipids are delegated macronutrients, while minerals and nutrients are named micronutrients (1). Insel et al, 2011, p.230, characterize proteins as â€Å"large particles comprised of amino-acids participated in different sequences†. In this way different sorts of proteins are available in the human body in different shapes. In view of their shapes the few sorts of proteins include explicit jobs inside the human body. Some of them are compounds, and accelerate the numerous substance responses inside the body basic to its endurance. Some others go about as hormones. Hormones might be seen as synthetic detachments inside the human body. However different hormones go into the cosmetics of the antibodies of the human body to shield the human body from outside substances and pathogens. Some different proteins g o about as siphons inside the body to keep up liquid parity. In this equalization keeping up process they siphon atoms across cell layers and draw in water. The corrosive base equalization in the body is kept up by the activity of proteins through the taking up or discharging of hydrogen particles, contingent upon the need. At long last, proteins go about as transporters for some, key substances like oxygen and the micronutrients to the focused on cells everywhere throughout the human body. The basic idea of proteins to the human body is consequently clear (2). Insel et al, 2011, p.146, characterize sugars as â€Å"organic intensifies that contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) in the proportion of two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen iota for each carbon atom.† The fundamental job of starches in the body is to go about as a fuel for the cells in the human body. Despite the fact that the human body can utilize fats additionally for vitality purposes, starches are t he favored wellspring of vitality, especially for the mind, red platelets, sensory system, embryo, and placenta. Sugars likewise contain strands that make it simpler for the entry of stools through the stomach related framework (2). Water is significant for the endurance of the human body. The water content in the human body is liable for up to 75% of the heaviness of the human body. The significance of water to the human body lies in it being an excellent solute. In the human body water conveys a few broke down minerals as electrolytes. These electrolytes are kept up at a consistent parity. The very presence of cells in the human body relies upon the upkeep of the correct equalization of these electrolytes in water (2). Insel et al, 2011, p.182, portray lipids as â€Å"a wide scope of natural particles that break up effectively in natural solvents like liquor, ether, and CH3)2CO, yet are significantly less dissolvable in water.† Three fundamental sorts make up the lipids, wh ich are triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols. Lipids are a vitality hotspot for the body and when put away in the body as fat go about as vitality saves in the body for use when there is a hardship of starch supplies to the body (2). Ball 2004, p. 8, characterizes nutrients as â€Å"a gathering of natural mixes which are fundamental in extremely limited quantities for the typical working of the body.† Vitamins as required for sustenance in the human body are thirteen in number and orders into water dissolvable nutrients and fat solvent nutrients. The water solvent vit

Skydive Chicago Is One of the United States

an Advantage: * Skydive Chicago is one of the United States’ head skydiving resorts, serving skydivers running in abilities from first time jumpers to universally serious freefly groups. * Jumpmasters video their student’s hops. * Students utilize the input these recordings give to recognize botches. * (student)They regularly duplicate their recordings onto an individual tape for future reference. * Jumpmasters may likewise duplicate first rate understudy skydives to the facility’s tape library. Burden: Only in Chicago-Each understudy in Skydive Chicago’s preparing program makes a progression of dynamic preparing bounces under the immediate oversight of a United State Parachute Association Jumper. * Limited - The preparation program designs each hop for showing a couple of new aptitudes. * Protection of preferred position †All understudies are offered access to the drop zone’s preparing room and are urged to watch video cuts in anticipation of their next preparing bounce. This progression spares jumpmasters, who are paid per hop, extensive time.Jumpmasters likewise utilize these recordings to assess their preparation method’s adequacy. †not a decent standard to gauge.. data framework Skydive Chicago’s data framework, â€Å"a set of interrelated parts, with a plainly characterized limit, cooperating to accomplish a typical arrangement of objectives† (INF 620 24), gives a few advantages the skydiving understudy and the organization its. Skydive Chicago’s data framework help the skydiving understudy by permitting the audit of his or bounce autonomously, in an adaptable interference and crowd free environment.Skydive Chicago’s data framework improves the organization itself by empowering the jumpmasters to have additional time in their paid limit, give instances of perfect hops, and permits understudies to independently sharpen their recently gained aptitudes. Skydive Chicago’s d ata framework permits the directing jumpmaster, a United State Parachute Association Jumper, to record every one of the dynamic preparing bounces of each preparation program understudy. The element permits the understudies to utilize the criticism of the gave recordings to recognize botches and autonomously improve of errors.This part of Skydive Chicago’s data framework permits the understudy to work at his own pace to determine a distinguishing issue. This component lets the understudy progress at an agreeable pace and work on the following defect after the person is alright with the past issue. Additionally, by giving the recorded bounces Skydive Chicago’s data framework permits understudies to survey and work on their issues in an interference free condition. Understudies frequently duplicate their recordings onto an individual tape for future reference; in this manner understudies can likewise audit these tapes from Skydive Chicago.Having their own duplicate the bo unce allows the understudy the adaptability to survey the tapes as they wish including however not constrained to home, work, or even the library. With the capacity survey the tapes in an interruption free area at their own prudence would aid the understudy jumper expanding his expertise faster. By being able to audit the tapes of their hops with a crowd of people would help the understudy jumpers in curbing their frailties and taking a shot at bounce issue they are humiliated of in public.For model, if the jumper had an extraordinary instance of uneasiness, the person can deal with unwinding and controlling their relaxing for the following hop. Skydive Chicago’s data framework the organization itself by empowering the jumpmasters to possess more energy for bounces. The jumpmasters are just paid for the bounces the understudies perform. By giving less guidance to an understudy, the jumpmaster has more opportunity to take part in hops; consequently the jumpmaster is working wi th the expectation of complimentary when the person gives guidelines and direction to the understudy jumper they are working for free.Given that giving directions and talks normally expend additional time at that point playing out an action the earnings’ pace of the jumper experts are decline when they are not bouncing. Having the Jumpmasters give tapes first rate understudy skydives to the facility’s tape library gives instances of perfect hops to understudy and help as apparatus to give a special visualization to an understudy that doesn't comprehend the finding of an issue by a jumpmaster.Also by giving all understudies access to the drop zone’s preparing room and are urged to watch video cuts in anticipation of their next preparing bounce. This capacity likewise the jumper ace to appoint the incomplete responsibility for guaranteeing the understudy is set up for their next hop to the genuine understudy without leaving the understudy without whenever of beari ng. both , give instances of perfect bounces, and permits understudies to independently sharpen their recently obtained abilities. understudy in the play out a progression of under the immediate management of Skydive Chicago’sSkydive Chicago’s data framework the organization itself by empowering the jumpmasters to possess more energy for bounces, give instances of perfect hops, and permits understudies to independently sharpen their recently obtained aptitudes. * Jumpmasters may likewise duplicate first rate understudy skydives to the facility’s tape library. permitting autonomous checking on, interference free condition, crowd free turn of events. one of a kind difficulties to playing out a deed is the likely absence of a prompt crowd, as it is regularly noticed that correspondence can't happen without a group of people. ery imperative to be sure about your instructor’s desires Location: Determine an area that will consider a perfect be both welcoming an d liberated from interruptions support †Place the camera, preferably Remember that you generally need yourself to be completely inside the casing of the shot, close enough that your outward appearances and any visuals you may utilize can be handily distinguished and understood however not all that nearby that you overwhelm the edge (I. e. you are the main thing in it). Likewise, it is ideal in the event that you can have somebody film you with the goal that they can ensure that these conditions exist du Leave time at starting and end.INF 620. McGraw-Hill Create. <vbk:9781121130036#page(24)>. a. In what capacity can this data framework advantage the skydiving understudy? b. In what manner can this data framework advantage Skydive Chicago? c. Draw an Information Systems Model (Figure 1. 19). Fill in your chart with the data about individuals, equipment, programming, and different assets from this activity. Be certain that you set up your Information Systems Model in a produ ct application or apparatus that can be incorporated completely into your MS Word report and conveyed to the instructor.Clearly drawn outlines that are checked and submitted in . pdf are adequate alongside a MS Word archive clarifying and supporting parts an and b. Make certain to mark your documents plainly. Archive all sources. a. By what means can this data framework advantage the skydiving understudy? b. In what manner can this data framework advantage Skydive Chicago? c. Draw an Information Systems Model (Figure 1. 19). Fill in your chart with the data about individuals, equipment, programming, and different assets from this activity.

Humanities: Art and Visual Arts Essay

The word humanities originates from the latin humanus, which implies human, refined and refined. To be human is to be have or show characteristics like levelheadedness, graciousness and delicacy. It has various implications in various authentic times. Today, notwithstanding, we are aware of humanities as an approximately characterized gathering of social branches of knowledge. In contrast to different subjects, it's anything but a gathering of logical or specialized subjects. The Scope of Humanities The humanities is a many-faceted subject. It is comprise of the visual expressions, writing, show and theater, music, and move. 1. Visual Arts The visual expressions sre those that we see with our eyes. It include painting and model as well as incorporate such things as garments, family apparatuses, and outfitting of our homes, schools, and structures. They might be ordered into two gatherings; realistic expressions (level or two-dimensional surface) and plastic expressions (three-dimensional). a. Realistic Arts Broadly, this term covers any type of visual artistics portrayal, particularly painting, drawing, photography, and so forth or in which depictions of structures and images are recorded on two-dimensional surface. Printers likewise utilize the term realistic craftsmanship to portray all procedure and results of the printing business. b. Plastic Arts This gathering remembers all fields of the visual expressions for which material are sorted out into three-dimensional structures. 2. Writing The craft of consolidating expressed or composed words and their implications into structures which have artistics and enthusiastic intrigue is called writing. 3. Dramatization and Theater A show or play is a story re-made by entertainers on a phase before a group of people. 4. Music The craft of masterminding sounds in cadenced progression and for the most part in mix. Tune results from this grouping and congruity from the blends. Music is both an inventive and a performing workmanship. The normal structures are melody, walk, fugue, sonata, suite, dream, concerto and ensemble. 5. Move Dance includes the development of the body and the feet in beat. Some significant sorts incorporate ethnologic, social or couples dances, expressive dance, present day and melodic parody. Technique for Presenting of Arts Subject 1. Authenticity In painting, this is the endeavor to depict the subject all things considered. In any event, when the craftsman picks a subject from nature, he chooses, changes, and organizes subtleties to communicate the thought he needs to make it understood. Pragmatists attempt to be as target as could be expected under the circumstances. Here the artist’s fundamental capacity is to depict as precisely and really as conceivable what is seen through the faculties. Be that as it may, during the time spent choosing and introducing his material, he can't resist being impacted by what he feels or thinks. 2. Deliberation It implies â€Å"to move away or isolated. †Abstract workmanship moves from indicating things as tey truly seem to be. The painter or craftsman paints the image not as it truly looked. The image isn't much the same as life. It isn't â€Å"realistic. † This is utilized when the craftsman turns out to be so inspired by one period of a scene or a circumstance thet he doesn't show the subject at all as a goal reality, however just his thought or his inclination about it. 3. Imagery An image all in all is a noticeable indication of something imperceptible, for example, a thought or a quality. It tends to be basically an image or sign like: % to speak to percent, a lion to speak to fortitude, a sheep to speak to mildness. Fauvism This was the primary significant workmanship development of the 1900’s. the fauves prospered as a gathering just from around 1903 to 1907 however their style extraordinarily impacted numerous later craftsmen. Henry Matisse drove the development and other significant fauves included Andre Derain, Raoul Dufy, George Rouault, all from France. 5. Dadaism A dissent development in expressions of the human experience was framed in 1916 by a gathering of craftsman and writers in Zurich, Switzerland. The Dadaist responded to what they accepted were outworn customs in craftsmanship, and the shades of malice they found in the public eye. 6. Oddity This development in craftsmanship and writing was established in Paris in 1924 by the French writer Andre Breton. 7. Expresionism A way of painting and chiseling in which common structures and hues are contorted and overstated. This technique was presented in Germany during the primary decade of the twentieth century that is described predominantly by substantial, regularly BLACK lines that characterize structure forcefully differentiating over the striking hues. 8. Impressionism A style of painting created in the last third of the nineteenth century portrayed by short lively strokes of splendid shading to make the impressionism of light on objects. It depicts the impact of experienced upon the cognizance of the craftsman and crowd. Components of Visual Art 1. Line It is a significant component at the removal of each craftsman. Through the lines of painting or figure, the craftsman can make us comprehend what the work is about. Line consistently have heading. They are continually moving. Lines, as utilized in any masterpiece, may either be straight or bended. 2. Shade Of the considerable number of components of workmanship, shading has the most tasteful intrigue. Thoroughly enjoy shading is an all inclusive human attributes. Shading is a property of light. The light of the sun contains all the shades of the range: violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. These hues are mixed to the point that they yield no vibe of shading. 3. Surface It is a shading component that bargains all the more legitimately with the feeling of touch. It has to do with the qualities of surfaces which can be harsh or smooth, fine or coarse, sparkly or dull, plain or unpredictable. Surface is best refreshing when an item is felt with the hands. It is found in all the visual expressions. 4. Point of view It manages the impact of the separation upon the presence of articles, by methods for which the eye judges spatiaql connections. It empowers us to see separation and to see the situation of items in space. There are two sorts of point of view: straight and ethereal viewpoint. To get profundity or separation, a craftsman utilizes both straight and airborne point of view. 5. Space In painting, as in design, space is an incredible significance. The outside of a structure is viewed as it shows up in space, while the inside is seen by one who is inside an encasing space. Painting doesn't manage space legitimately. It speaks to space just on a two-dimensional surface. Figure includes verylittle space relationship or impression of room. 6. Structure Form applies to the general plan of a show-stopper. It portrays the structure or state of an article. Structure coordinates the developments of the eyes. Since structure comprises of size and volume, it means visual weight. 7. Volume The term volume alludes to the measure of room involved in three measurements. It along these lines alludes to robustness or thickness. We see volume in two different ways: by form lines or diagrams or states of articles, and by surface lights and shadows.

Eating Disorders and the Media :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Dietary problems and the Media The present society is evidently set apart by social standards and ideals.â The inquiry is, notwithstanding, does the broad communications' portrayal of this standard reason hurtful conduct in its population?â Researchers have demonstrated that there is an inclination in the manner TV targets youngsters in promoting (Ogletree, S., Williams, S., Raffeld, P., Mason, B., Fricke, K., 1990) and that this media impact over individuals has consistently been discernible (Miles, M., 1995).â This focusing of crowd individuals effectively singles out the most attractive customer for the item to empower their monetary support.â So if publicizing is just worried about selling item, for what reason is it accused for the low confidence and self-perception and subsequently the bulimia and anorexia found in the present ladies? Â â â â The pictures anticipated by the media in ads, items, composed promotions and so on give the present shoppers a thought of what typical should resemble (Sellers, M., Waligroski, K., 1993).â The individuals in the advertisements would all have the perfect body extents, material belongings and societal position so as to merit the consideration the advertisement puts on them.â Viewers see the promotions and contrast the self-perceptions they see with themselves, which is probably going to uncover a discrepancy.â Five years back, the normal female model weighed 23% less that the normal lady of the time (Miles, M., 1995) and the thing that matters is just growing.â Â â â â Men to are influenced by the media's depiction of what perfect looks like.â Jirousek clarifies the advancement of the perfect male figure from a thin and sentimental shape to the superhuman picture we find in TV and the remainder of media today (1996).â With the start of broadcast football in the 1930's, the promoted picture of guys joined the overwhelming appearance from shoulder braces and other defensive layer to incorporate film saints, comic book characters and dressing models.â With the guys in the open eye having these strong figures and contorted extents, the ordinary male at that point got the feeling this is the thing that ladies needed regardless of whether the look doesn't come effectively to most men.â Fabio is a genuine case of this picture (despite the fact that Jirousek states that Fabio is more for the female buyer than the impact over male watchers, 1996).â This male picture could be only the thing a man needs to find so as to feel totally ben eath desires in this manner, bringing about low confidence.

Photographer Comparison Essay: Cindy Sherman and Omar Diop

Picture taker Comparison Essay: Cindy Sherman and Omar Diop Presentation The accompanying examination will investigate and think about the contemporary picture takers generally known for their reasonable representations American Cindy Sherman (b. 1954) and Senegalese Omar Victor Diop (b. 1980). The works chose are Albert Badin by Diop and Untitled (Self-Portrait with Sundress), the two of which highlight a persona investigated through self-representation and reasonable picture. In this manner, the works go close by with my subject of personality. Cindy Sherman examined visual expressions at college, concentrating initially on painting before later working with photography, which is currently her most unmistakable medium. Sherman is one of the most regarded picture takers of the late twentieth century. Most of her photos are self-pictures, each highlighting a women's activist component which challenge the portrayal of ladies in the public arena and media, just as American mainstream society. Henceforth, her works are a vehicle for discourse on contemporary American culture. Omar Victor Diop learned at the Business School of Paris and worked in correspondences before focusing exclusively on photography. His most celebrated arrangement is Diaspora (2014) highlighting organized self-representations propelled by Spanish likeness of the fourteenth and fifteenth century. It investigates the character of current Africans and the job of African history, culture and legacy in the development of such. Along these lines, his works investigate the interconnectedness of group and individual character. Note: Diops name is both accurately spelt as Omar Victor Diop and Omar Viktor Diop. In this investigation, the previous will be utilized. Diop Investigation of formal characteristics Diops arrangement Diaspora meaning the scattering of individuals from their unique country was first displayed in 2014. The arrangement appropriates Spanish representation of unmistakable African figures who experienced African diaspora in the fourteenth and fifteenth century, with Diop as the subject. Diop delivered this arrangement while living in Spain, during which he encountered social estrangement. In reproducing pictures of popular Africans who were estranged in the most outrageous sense in Europe-encountering prejudice, ridiculing, and complete relinquishment from society-Diop conducts an individual quest for the two his own personality and the aggregate character of Africans in Europe. The work explored in this near investigation is Albert Badin (medium), an entertainment of a memorable picture by Gustaf Lundberg. Badin-initially named Couchi-was conceived in 1747 or 1750 in either Africa or Saint Croix before being constrained into bondage. Badin-meaning cheat was treated as an honorable savage and allowed to fill in as a Swedish court-worker and head servant of Queen Luisa Ulrika of Sweden. Badin was likewise a diarist and an affectionate individual from the Swedish elegant life. Similarly as with different figures in the Diaspora arrangement, Badin-as expressed by Diop-didn't satisfy the standard desires for the African diaspora to the extent that they were taught, trendy and certain, regardless of whether some of them were claimed by white individuals and treated as the colorful other. (by means of theguardian.com) Thus, through reproducing the representation, Diop researches his own social legacy and gives figures precluded from history a voice again, just as praises them, as notwithstanding existing at a time where it was far-fetched for them to prosper during colonization and subjugation. (by means of trueafrica.co) they figured out how to have an effective existence. Diop accomplishes this through restaging the first picture, wearing a close indistinguishable outfit and reproducing the arrangement and shading plan of cool shades of blue and white, which make a feeling of amicability and parity. Nonetheless, the representation isn't actually duplicated in Diops piece, just appropriated. It is promptly unmistakable, be that as it may, the works in Diops arrangement all have a current story through references to football. In Albert Badin, these are a whistle and a red card which supplant the first works chess pieces. Keeper Raquel Wilson has expressed the utilization of football gear shows the duality of carrying on with an existence of greatness and acknowledgment while all the while going up against the difficulties of being other' (through omarviktor.com). Current African players accomplished acknowledgment in Europe, yet face still bigotry, correspondingly to Badin. Diop states this is the sort of conundrum I am exploring in my work. as there is an exceptionally intriguing mix of wonder, saint love and prohibition. (through theguardian.com). The utilization of football hardware in Diops works integrates bigotry in both the at various times. Regarding formal characteristics, the work mirrors and appropriates the first picture. Diop has a close to indistinguishable calculated tilted head, in any case, the first representation is titled to one side while Diop goes to one side. Diop wears a comparative ensemble and posture, just as outward appearance: the two figures have eye to eye connection with the watcher in an angry, yet lively and way, as though the figure were moving the watcher to a round of chess or-in Diops work-giving the watcher a red card and whistling at him. In football, this implies the player needs to leave the field. This could be illustrative of Diop scrutinizing the watcher and undoubtedly society of excluding Badin from history, rebuffing them with the red card. Comments of Diop Current appearance: through the high caliber of photo, the piece seems smooth and in vogue, which is not out of the ordinary, as Diop additionally works in design photography. The work isn't altered to mirror the old and worn appearance of the first piece, as Diop wishes to give the piece a reasonable present day look. Despite the fact that Diop reproduces a picture from the eighteenth century, there is an away from account through the style of the work and the utilization of football gear. This features issues Badin experienced many years prior, for example, prejudice and distance stay contemporary issues today, and ought not be overlooked. Remarks on bigotry in over a significant time span through football props: By making all the figures convey objects identified with football, similar to balls, red cards and studs, I connected them to the present so as to arrange them inside the discussion on migration and the reconciliation of outsiders into European social orders. All these famous however obscure individuals were the first to get acknowledgment for dark individuals for their remarkable ability. Today, its an ability for football that gives you that identification. (Omar Victor Diop by means of trueafrica.co) Representative structure: Diop holds the whistle and red card in an arranged way, permitting the watcher to obviously observe the articles. The watchers eye is attracted to them, demonstrating their significance. Head went to right: Diop doesn't actually recreate the first representation, in spite of the fact that the general creation is close to indistinguishable. Explanations of unique representation Head went to left: one of the key contrasts between Diops work and the first picture. Chess pieces: Badin hold chess pieces, speaking to his scholarly just as fun loving and engaging character. Translation of capacity and reason Diop himself acts like an overlooked man. The work is a self-representation, and as a Sengalese himself, Diop in this way investigates his own personality, just as his African legacy. Diops work shows the connection and interconnectedness among social and aggregate character and his own personality, basically through placing himself in the shoes of figures of the African diaspora as Diop assumes the job of Badin and postures as him. Using present day football gear and the smooth appearance of the photo, there is an advanced story predominant in the piece. As Diop expressed, he needed to carry these rich verifiable characters into the present discussion about the African diaspora and contemporary issues around movement, joining and acknowledgment. (by means of thegurdian.com) Assessment of social importance As referenced beforehand, Diop gives African recorded figures discarded from chronicled talk a voice who Diop states should be praised (by means of trueafrica.co) and powers the considers along with a cutting edge account again. Diop himself has a place with the cutting edge age of youthful, fruitful Africans who decided not to forsake their nation, in spite of being introduced the opportunity to: Diops family is in the upper white collar class and Diop contemplated and worked in Europe for a long time. In this manner, contemporary issues identifying with Senegal and the African mainland impact his work extraordinarily. The depiction of Africa in regularly a negative one, highlighting only destitution and summing up the huge and assorted mainland to only generalizations. In portraying fruitful African figures who were overlooked in verifiable talk, Diop helps the watcher to remember the intricacy of African history and culture, and denounces and challenges the negative portrayal of A fricans in mainstream society. Moreover, Diop investigates being a piece of present day Africa, and explores how history impacts both individual and aggregate character. Through standing up to the watcher with authentic figures-maybe in an accursing way, spoke to through giving the watcher a red-card-Diop powers the watcher to ponder and think about African history, fundamentally as Diop himself showed the arrangement in Dakar and later in France, which has a provincial past and a lot of African migrants. Thusly, both the craftsman and the watcher thinks about the equalization and interconnectedness of cutting edge Africa and the rich and complex African diaspora. Sherman Explanations Cartoon of generalization: In this work, Sherman assumes the job of a white collar class lady, which is demonstrated by her shabby adornments and ensemble, in the midst of a get-away, appeared by her extraordinary sun-tan. Accordingly, Sherman handles a large number of generalizations in the work: Americans, ladies, and the average workers. Investigation of formal characteristics The work investigated is Untitled (Self-Portrait with Sundress), in any case, while inquiring about, it was discovered that sources have likewise titled t

Managerial Grid Model The Essential Guide

Managerial Grid Model â€" The Essential Guide Consider you are facing a new task? It could be finding a new team member or delivering a new project. What would your priority be? To achieve the results as efficiently as possible, with the focus on the tasks or would you start organizing things based on your team and their strengths and interests?Your answer to the question can tell quite a bit about your management style and approach to solving managerial problems. Leadership theories come in many shapes and sizes, but the Managerial Grid model is one popular model that is built around the two themes suggested in the question: task-orientation and people-focused approach. MANAGERIAL GRID MODEL IN A NUTSHELLThe Managerial Grid Model came about during a prominent time in leadership studies. In fact, the model is the culmination of findings in other leadership studies and an attempt to identify the different ways you can lead. The Grid’s original developers are management theoreticians Robert R. Blake and Jane S. Mouton and they created the model during the 1960s.The model was a product of their findings at Exxon, where they worked to improve the effectiveness of leaders. When they studied and observed the leaders, they found their management behavior to work on axes and moving along a continuum. Some had concern for the production and others for people. In 1964, Blake and Mouton published their finding in the first edition of The Managerial Grid.So, what is the Managerial Grid Model? It’s simply a tool or a framework for understanding your leadership style. It helps to examine your answer to the most topical dilemma of managers: Should you focus on the tasks or the people? If you have a managerial task ahead of you, you’ll need to first think what your priority is. Are you thinking about the tasks, with their deadlines and objectives? Do you instead think who is the best person for the role or whether they are excited about the project? The Managerial Grid model is essentially going to help you understand which kind of manager you are and what your style says about you. Furthermore, it can even showcase the problems you’ll face with your specific style.I’ll explore the concepts and theories further in the following sections, but let’s consider the findings of Blake and Mouton in short. The management scientists noticed, as said above, that there are two main axes in which the managers fall into: the task-centered people and the person-centered people. They placed one on the axis Y and the other on axis X. Since not every manager has a clear preference to either of the two, but they can be a combination of both, Blake a nd Mouton discovered the five possible combinations of the two. The five leadership styles, according to the Grid, are:Indifferent or impoverished managementDictatorial or ‘produce or perish’ managementStatus quo or middle of the road managementAccommodating or country club managementSound or team managementThe above five styles can be further divided into subdivisions, creating 81 different leadership combinations. Furthermore, Blake went on to develop the Grid model further and even added two more leadership possibilities to the model. Although these are not in the official Grid model, it can be worth remembering them. The styles are:Paternalistic management â€" A mix between the Country Club and the ‘Produce or Perish’ management styles. The leader can be both encouraging and guarding of his or her position. It can leave little room for questioning the manager’s decisions.Opportunistic management â€" The opportunistic manager doesn’t appear on the grid because it can fall under each of the five categories. If you’re opportunistic, you simply put yourself first. You will shift between styles and approaches when it benefits your objectives. You won’t be people oriented for the team, but because you might gain something from it. This is a rather manipulative management style.THE TWO BEHAVIOUR DIMENSIONS AND THE STYLES THEY PRODUCEThe below image perfectly illustrates the Grid model. As you can see, you have the horizontal axis for concern for results and the vertical axis for concern for people. Depending on where you fall in the scale, you would represent one of the five basic management style. Source: WikipediaThe behavior dimensionsThe Grid believes management is divided into focusing on two key things: tasks or people. These things influence the behavior of the manager. When you are leading, how do you think about the results? What about the people? You can show prominence in one of the behaviors or you could place both of them low on your agenda. According to the Grid, the different behavior dimensions would lead to the following managerial behaviors:Concern for people â€" People orientation. The first behavior examines the leaders approach or concern for people. This includes consideration for team members’ needs, interests or their personal development. The importance of the points depends on how high or low you rank on this scale. If you are concerned for people’s needs, you would consider the tasks with the needs in mind. For example, you might think whether the team has enough time to finish the task before a specific deadline and you could push the deadline fu rther to avoid team members losing their free time or getting too stressed. You might also pick a person for a task simply out of the educational value, even if the person might not be the best pick for the role. On the other hand, if you rank low on the concern for people axis, you wouldn’t consider the needs and interests of the team to be a top priority.Concern for results â€" Task orientation. The second behavior examines the leader’s approach to results or the tasks ahead. This would be the focus on the objectives, the efficiency of accomplishing them and maintaining high productivity. When you are deciding a task, you’d emphasize these points as the key to the proper accomplishment of goals. If you scored high on concern for results, you would think what is the most efficient route to finish a task. You would assign tasks based on the efficiency of finishing it, not necessarily based on who might enjoy the role the most. Similarly to the first behavior, if you rank low o n the scale, you won’t be too focused on the results when management an objective.In each of the axis, both horizontal and vertical, you can find nine ranges. Nine is the highest and one is the lowest range. So, if you are people-oriented manager who thinks about the team’s needs first, you would score closer to nine (or even nine). On the other hand, if you had less care for the team’s needs, you would be somewhere close to zero. When you score yourself in both the horizontal and vertical axis, you’ll get the results for your management styleThe five combinations of the dimensionsYour approach the each axis can produce a number of combinations of your style. As I mentioned earlier, the model identifies five core styles, with the overall styles reaching an impressive 81 approaches to management.Indifferent of impoverished managementIf you score low on the result orientation axis, as well as the concern for people axis, you will fall in the indifferent management category. Th is is the most ineffective management style. A manager with this result would show no interest towards creating effective systems to achieve tasks and he or she wouldn’t pay attention to motivating the team. It simply is an inefficient way to lead, since your focus is not really on anything â€" you would need to find some inspiration to focus your attention as a manager.Under the indifferent management style, organizations can’t expect much. You won’t get things done, since you aren’t focused on effectiveness and productivity. But at the same time, your team will suffer from lack of organization and satisfaction. You won’t feel happy at work, when you don’t have clear instructions and your personal interests or needs are not met.Dictatorial or ‘produce or perish’ managementYou’ll start seeing a more meaningful management, as you move away from ranking near one in both axes. One of the more ‘extreme’ scenarios is the management style of ‘produce or perish’. The authoritarian style means you rank high on the result scale, but fall low on the people-orientation. For a dictatorial manager, people are more like a means to an end and the productivity of the team is at the heart of everything. If you’re a dictatorial manager, then your leadership style is marked with the following principles:Autocratic management styleStrict rules, procedures and policies for getting work done.Punishment viewed as an effective motivational tool.When you emphasize tasks and effectiveness, you can obtain rather great results in terms of productivity. You essentially create a strong system or a framework for achieving objectives; and not just achieving them, but doing it efficiently and effectively. Results under this type of management style are impressive. But only at first.You see, the style tends to have a negative impact on the team. Since you’re not concerned with the team’s interests or needs, the work moral can suffer consequently. You don’t foc us enough time on motivating or inspiring the team and the hectic framework you’ve created can mean people are stressed and overworked. In the long-term, the lack of work morale can start affecting the results, leading to problems in productivity or retaining the best performing employees.Status Quo or middle to the road managementIt’s easy to think (especially after reading the above) that finding the golden middle ground would work the best. If you just focus on people and results in a mild manner, you can enjoy the best of both worlds. While the style is great in trying to find a balance, the strategy doesn’t prove as successful.Since you are essentially trying to constantly compromise as a manager, you won’t be able to obtain solid performances or to motivate people in the most efficient way. In fact, the middle of the road management style, with a medium focus on results and people, will likely lead to mediocre results. While your team is unlikely to dissatisfied, they are also not the happiest and the results for the organization are rather average. Accommodating or ‘Country Club’ managementIf you are concerned about team members and their needs, you might score high on the people-focused axis, while scoring low on your attention to the results. The management style where people take priority and task-orientation is low is called Country Club management.The style is about ensuring the people in the team are doing well and enjoying the work â€" almost like having a good time at the country club. As a manager, you emphasize your teams feelings and needs. You have the idea that by ensuring employees are happy and secure with the work, they are also working hard.Although the style can be effective, especially in terms of guaranteeing high employee motivation, productivity might suffer. You essentially don’t have enough control over the workers, since you are willing to put their needs first. By not focusing on the results, you can also create a framework that lacks direction. People won’t be able to know what is going on and what is expected of them.While the work environment might be relaxed and fun, you won’t see as many results and certain team members might even find the situation unchallenging.Sound or team managementThe final of the five management styles is the sound or team management. In this style, you will focus highly on both the results and the people. For Blake and Mounton, this the Grid’s most effective leadership style. The team management style is about a leader who is passionate about the work and achieving results, but who also wants to do the best he or she can for the people in the team. A team management style has the leader projecting the following principles:Commitment to the organization and its goals and missionEmphasis on finding ways to motivate team membersWorking hard and expecting others to show full commitment towards goal-achievementEmpowers the team and tries to be an inspiration fo r employees.Team management is a challenging leadership style, as your attention and focus must be equally divided in achieving results and ensuring people are happy. As a manager, you would want to ensure people are committed to the organization and that they understand its vision and objectives. You would include the rest of the team in decision-making, to ensure everyone has a stake in productivity and effectiveness.HOW IS HUMAN BEHAVIOUR VIEWED?Management styles and theories are essentially all about human behavior. Whether you are using a democratic approach to leadership or managing with an authentic flair, you are basing your style on certain assumptions on what works best with the employees.What makes them tick? How to draw inspiration and motivation out of your team? Since human behavior is such an integral part of management theories, I’ll explain briefly what assumptions the Managerial Grid Model makes.Theory YThe framework for the Grid was built around the theories of both Abraham Maslow and especially Douglas McGregor and his Theory Y. The theory is a famous attempt to identify what drives human motivation and therefore management. McGregor developed his theory, together with Theory X, during the 1960s and the Managerial Grid is essentially an expansion into his findings.Theory Y has a positive view on human behavior, with the theory assuming employees don’t need a ‘direct’ reward in return of the work, but they are looking for self-improvement instead. If you fall under Theory Y, you wouldn’t be motivated by bonuses or perform your duties simply to avoid punishment; you’d actually relish in the opportunity to improve your own skills with the tasks.The Theory further assumes employees love the challenge and aren’t afraid of saying ‘yes’ to a new exciting role. The motivation is evident in the Grid, as it believes people-orientation to be a key way to motivate and control the team â€" if you give the employees a challenge, they wi ll take it. For a much deeper insight into the Theory Y and its counterpart Theory X, check out the below SlideShare document:[slideshare id=22538793doc=theoryxandy-130606044135-phpapp02w=640h=330]The 7 key behaviorsThe Grid theory also breaks managerial behavior into seven key behaviors. If you are using the model to analyze your management style, then these seven are crucial elements to consider.Behavior/elementHow the behavior manifestsInitiativeTaking action, willingness to lead and a supportive approach to work.InquiryResearching nature, questioning the tasks and processes involved in the task.AdvocacyChampioning ideas and showcasing strong ideals and convictions.Decision-makingFocus on evaluation and assessment of both the available resources and the consequences of actions.Conflict resolutionConfronting nature, with the ability and wish to resolve disagreements on the spot.ResilienceGood problem-solving skills and the ability to persevere despite setbacks.CritiqueAbility to p rovide honest feedback and to deliver effectively on objectives.If you highlight the above seven behaviors in your management, then you are off to a great start. According to the Blake and Mouton model, these qualities are essentially the characteristics a team management style introduces and reinforces in your behavior.THE PROS AND CONS OF THE GRIDSo, Managerial Grid Model is a tool for understanding your management style, as well as the difficulties and possibilities each style can have in terms of employee motivation and achieving results. So, what are the benefits of the model and the downside of following it in general?The prosIt goes without saying the Managerial Grid is a great tool for analyzing yours or someone else’s managerial style. You can use it to identify the type of manager you currently are, as well as the kind of manager you might aspire to be. By looking at the grid and thinking about your own placement, you do need to take a deeper look at your own behavior.Th e Grid makes you think about your decision-making as a manager. What would you do in certain situations? Would you focus on the tasks or perhaps think about the team needs? The answers to whether you are a task-focused or people-oriented manager can help you improve and strengthen the weaker areas of your leadership. You learn to identify the different ways you could respect the need to focus on both and the difficulties of maintaining this balance of concern for production and balance.You therefore gain an in-depth view of your style and personality. Self-analysis and self-reflection are crucial tools for managerial success, so the Grid model can be another powerful tool to use in this way. You can learn more about different self-analysis methods from the interesting video below: The Grid can naturally be beneficial for organizations as well. If you are looking to hire new personnel or figure out what are the main problems with your current management, you can use the Grid and the questionnaire to evaluate your situation. The findings can be used during the hiring process.For example, you might have identified the key needs for your business beforehand in terms of management style and after having applicants fill out the questionnaire, you can pick the people with the best management style to suit your needs. On the other hand, you might also utilize the assessment tool if you are having management problems.If employees are not happy or productivity is low, you could test the managers to see whether they are applying the wrong type of management styles. You might find that your management ranks in the ineffective leader style of the Grid. Using this information, you can improve management training. The training will be more efficient, since you’ve identified some of the weaknesses. For example, in the case of the ineffective manager, you can teach the person more about the company’s vision and objectives, as well as develop their interpersonal skills.The consWhile the Managerial Grid is generally great for assessment and analysis, you do need to keep a few things in mind. Although the theory adds to leadership and management theories, it does so with an emphasis on just task versus people. But not all managerial decisions are as clear-cut and you might not be able to always pick between the two when managing objectives. Management is also influenced by other internal and external variables.For instance, what about the culture you are in? In the business world, different cultures respond to management different and what might seem people-focused in the Western world might not be considered as such in Asia. The company culture might also differ depending on the nature of the work and in certain situation a more task-oriented approach might not be as ill sufficient as you might assume. The ‘Green Zone’ of management, which Blake and Mouton identified as the sound management, is not necessarily always as easy or even desirable to ac hieve.There’s also a more obvious theoretical criticism. The Grid is not based on enough empirical data to suggest managers who are high on task-orientation and low on people-orientation would end up as dictatorial managers. Therefore, there is a lot of assumption involved in the findings and the charts, meaning that you shouldn’t necessarily rely solely on the Grid model to sort out your managerial career.As I mentioned earlier, even Blake went on to expand on the different leadership styles later on, finding the original Grid somewhat insufficient. Leadership styles and figuring out which one is the best can be a complex issue.Therefore, while the Managerial Grid Model is definitely a good point to start analyzing your managerial performance, you don’t want to rely solely on it when developing leadership skills.HOW TO APPLY THE  MANAGERIAL GRID MODELSo, how can you use the model to benefit your management or leadership style? There are three simple steps for using the Grid a s part of your development.Step 1: Identifying your managerial styleFirst, you should identify your managerial style. You can do this by thinking about your past experiences as a leader. It doesn’t matter what kind of leadership position or decision you took (if it was a school project or a senior management role), but find those moments when you took the lead. Write the situations down in a piece of paper. Examples scenarios could be:I was a leader of a school group and our task was to make a PowerPoint presentation.I was the floor manager at a café and we had to sort out the Christmas salesI ended up leading the team meeting to solve a sales problem because the manager wasn’t present.The situation can be anything â€" you just had to be the leading and the situations to be a bit different from each other. Even if you can’t think of many situations where you’ve managed others, you can experiment with situations that could happen. For example, perhaps you are taking on a new role as a sales manager and you could think about the scenarios you might be faced with.Once you have a list of five situations of leadership, think where you’d be placed in the scenario. In the PowerPoint presentation, did you immediately start thinking about the deadline and the most efficient way of doing it? Or did you perhaps start discussing with the team the different roles they’d want to take?For both the axes, pick your number from 1 to 9 and see where you end up on the scale. Look at each scenario and your score. Is there a pattern there? An average of the type of leader you might be? Maybe you score high on tasks on each of your examples, yet have a more mixed results with the people-orientation. Spot the traits and leadership patterns.Step 2: Identifying the areas for improvement and developmentNow, start analyzing and assessing your results and your current approach to management. What do the findings above say about your management style? Are you more about taking the easy road and therefore settling for middle-of-the-road management? Or do you feel you emphasize the results more than the team?Be honest about your current approach to management and think about the strengths and weaknesses of your style. Did those examples prove successful or what were some of the hiccups your team might have suffered? For example, if you didn’t get the team to receive high marks for the PowerPoint presentation, think carefully why this might have been. Was it because you didn’t push hard enough for people to deliver the tasks in time? Was there a lack of organization? Or did you pay too much attention to the results and forget to ensure people were enjoying the task?If you analyze each situation through the strength and weaknesses, you can get a better sense of the situations when your style has been a success and the times when you probably didn’t perform as well as a manager.If you notice yourself falling too much on either side of the framework and scoring high on either results or people-orientation, while falling behind on the other axis, try to improve your skill set. How can you do it? Well, if you are having trouble with ensuring the team members are active participants and enjoying the tasks and roles, you can:Learn about creative problem solving.Boost your communication skills.Become a better mentor to others.If you want to learn from the master, in terms of getting your team involved, check out this video by Brian Tracy. It’s great for gaining deeper insight into inspiring your team. On the other hand, if you are good at keeping the team engaged, you might find yourself lacking some of the organizational proficiency. If your task-orientation scores are constantly low, you should consider boosting your skills in:Scheduling tasks.Enhancing decision-making.Project progress monitoring.Step 3: Using the Grid in the right contextWhile Blake and Mouton believed the team management style to be superior over the others, you s houldn’t regard the other styles outright. Certain situations might call for different management styles and you might often get efficient results simply by emphasizing either the tasks or the team’s wellbeing.The context in which you apply your style matters and you might have realized this when mapping your strengths and weaknesses. In short-term projects, focusing on efficiency in receiving results might guarantee the most successful outcome and if the process is rather short, you probably aren’t even damaging your chances by neglecting the team’s wellbeing to a certain extent.For example, if you need to deliver a product review for a major client and to do it in the shortest possible time, you might want to ask your team to push just that little bit more. On the other hand, if you have a new team or the team mood has dropped, you might shift to a more people-oriented style just until everyone is feeling more motivated.When you are using the Managerial Grid model, you nee d to keep this in mind. The model is not the ‘eternal truth’ in the best management style. Learn more about the different styles and their impact and become better at judging which situation calls for which approach.FINAL THOUGHTSManagerial Grid Model is a popular framework for looking at management and your approach to some of the core managerial tasks. The Grid can help you identify your own strengths and weaknesses as a manager, helping you understand the impact your decision-making can have on the team’s mood and the efficiency of achieving results.The five core leadership styles are useful to keep in mind when you are analyzing your behavior or that of other managers. While the theorists behind the model believed the team management style to be the most effective, you shouldn’t even consider leadership without its appropriate context. Different styles can fit different situations and knowing how to use different approaches can help you be a better manager.

Strengths of the Ottoman Empire Term Paper - 825 Words

Strengths of the Ottoman Empire (Term Paper Sample) Content: Strengths of the Ottoman EmpireNameCourseTutorDate Introduction The Ottoman Empire also historically referred to as the Turkish Empire was an empire that was founded by tribes of Turkey in Northern Anatolia in 1299. It became an empire in 1453 after the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II. This empire existed for over 600 years until 1922 the time when the monarchy system in Turkey was abolished. The 16th and 17th centuries marked its height of power when it was under the rule of Suleiman the magnificent. History reveals that Ottoman Empire was among the most powerful empires all over the world (Faroqhi, 2009, p4). It stretched all the way from the southern borders of the Roman Empire to the Northern borders of Yemen and from Algeria in the west to the borders of Azerbaijan in the East. This implies that this empire was at the center of three continents Africa, Asia and Europe. The empire had 32 provinces by the end of 17th century; thus it was at the center of the interaction of the between the western and the Eastern worlds for more than six centuries (Faroqhi, 2009, p4). Like other empires of the time, Ottoman Empire had the strength that made it to be dominant among other empires. The first strength of the Ottoman Empire that made it to be so famous in History is that Islam had traditionally been the state that tends to unify both the political and religious issues (Aasd.k12.wi.us. n. d p1). In fact, the head of the Ottoman state was Sultan and he was both supreme political and religious leader in Turkey. At the same time, a caliph was also a religious and political leader in the Islamic world. Therefore, Sultan and the caliph that led the Ottoman Empire understood and upheld both the political and religious matters. Unlike in other empires that consisted religions like Christianity where the political power was much separated from the Christian religious issues (Aasd.k12.wi.us. n. d p1). Thus, the integration of Islamic faith w ith political matters in the management of the Ottoman Empire gave it a big advantage over the other empires such as the Roman Empire. The second strength of the Ottoman Empire was that the empire underwent the process of civilization earlier than its neighbors (Faroqhi, 2009, p11). The region became more civilized and this brought so many advantages such as being able to expand, the ability to build regular units and the high rate of production. These advantages extended and benefited even the neighboring nations to the east, west, south and North, these benefits they got from Ottoman Empire made them to fear causing disharmony with it hence, peace prevailed. Therefore, the fact that the Ottoman Empire became more civilized earlier than its neighbors gave insurmountable advantages hence, faster growth and stability. Another strength of the Ottoman Empire had is that it had a diverse culture (Aasd.k12. wi. us. n. d p2). As mentioned earlier, the Empire stretches from Europe, Africa and Asia continents, this means that the cultures of these three continents were integrated in the Ottomans culture. The diversity of the culture in this empire brought a lot of advantages since it had not only the Turkish national culture, but it also had the African and Arabic as well. Multiculturalism brings advantages such as many different factories, many different craftsmen and more regular divisions (Aasd.k12.wi.us. n. d p2). Thus, diverse culture led to diverse production of goods and services. The Geographical location and the topography of Ottoman Empire offered plentiful opportunities for its expansion. For example Persia, Tunisia and Arabian peninsular are all large regions and had very many densely populated nations (Quataert, 2005, p32). The Ottoman Empire was not touched by the colonialists when they colonized the North and the East Africa; this gave the Empire the chance to raise enormous amount of prestige. As that was not enough, the neighboring nation to this empire were not easily conquered, this boosted the stability of this empire. The Ottoman Empire had a big advantage in terms of military defense. We have Caucasus Mountains and narrow stretch of land that acted as the only way to the empire to the right (Quataert, 2005, p32). The topography of the empire is quite rugged for example; the terrain of Anatolia is mountainous in nature hence, it is easy to defend from the enemies. There...

The Quality Of Care For Elderly People Given By The Nhs

Intro Using a case study which was highlighted in a report presented by the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman (2011), I will be identifying and reflecting on issues raised in the complaint concerning the quality of care for elderly people given by the NHS. Throughout this assignment, I will be using a wide variety of research sources in order to evaluate my own personal and professional developments in accordance to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Code (2015). The NMC sets out professional standards and guidelines that nurses and midwives should adhere to in order to practice and maintain a high quality of care to patients. Within this assignment, I will be using Bortons’ (1970) framework as a structure to my reflection on issues identified in the case study. This useful reflective model consists of three main components; ‘What’, ‘So what’ and finally ‘Now what’. Bortons’ model is highly recommended by Jasper (2003) as a useful model, particularly for student nurses, as it allows beginner practitioners to reflect on their practice in an analytical manner. In order to protect the identity of the patient’s case in which I will be utilising, for the purposes of this assignment the patient will be referred to as Mrs H. What Mrs H was a highly intelligent woman who was able to live independently in her home until the age of 88. Due to being partially blind and deaf, Mrs H relied on using British Sign Language and deaf-blind manual to communicate. Her next of kinShow MoreRelatedThe Correlation of Health Plan Surveys Essay1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe Correlation of Health Plan Surveys and Quality Standards The standards of care makes a real difference to the quality of our lives, whether we are the patients or the relatives of those who are. Because of budget constraints, nurses are now forced to be a jack-of-all-trades and management is placing resources wherever the need is greatest. Qualitative measures must be scrutinized in order to produce satisfactory results when considering the best care possible for our nation. Sentara CarePlexRead MoreNHS Core Values1491 Words   |  6 Pageswill compare the current health service provision with health care services at the inception of the NHS. The NHS has seven core values that aim to ensure that quality care is delivered to everyone regardless of their gender, religion, race, age, wealth or sexual orientation. These values have been developed by the general public, patients and staff, with local authorities having to develop and adapt these to provide personalised care. These values not only underpin the social and health deliveryRead MoreThe Royal London Hospital Nhs1278 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The report is about The Royal London Hospital which is carried out by NHS trust. The vision of the Royal London hospital is created and the objectives are been framed. There is proper medical improvement. This report creates new updated vision of the organization which helps in identifying the objectives. Thus various factors are evaluated and communication is made clear with the stakeholders in the organization. There have been meetings taken up by the royal London hospital so as toRead MoreConditions That Are A Risk For Medical Treatment1583 Words   |  7 Pagesimproving someone’s quality of life. It is always best though if these risks can be avoided though, or the reducing the chance of them occurring. The methods of reducing a medical risk will be dependent on the condition in which the patient is in, and sometimes it may be best for the patient to not receive any treatment if the risks are just too great and the chance of the patient benefiting from the treatment is low as well. This decision is quite common in cases which involve elderly patients. The olderRead MoreBiopsychosocial Model Essay1531 Words   |  7 Pagesadopt the biopsychosocial model to explore how the diagnosis affects the patient’s quality of life. Confidentiality will be maintained throughout this essay to adhere to the Nursing and midwifery council (NMC,2015) code of conduct, which states in section 5 that nurses or midwives owe a duty of confidentiality for all those receiving care. Therefore, patient chosen will not be known by real name but will be given a pseudonym throughout this essay. A holistic approach will be used in this essay toRead MoreEssay about Communication1499 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscusses barriers to, and methods of, effective communication with people who are confused by reflecting on my experience in communicating with an elderly confused patient. Specifically, and within the scope of this assignment, I reflect on two methods of effective communication with elderly confused patients; one verbal (reality orientation) and one non-verbal (touch). During my first placement I was asked to assist in the care of Elsie (pseudonym), an 86 year old lady admitted to hospital withRead MoreDiscuss the Factors Likely to Influence Current and Future Patterns of Health in the Uk.1743 Words   |  7 Pagesapplied to all aspects of health, which include life expectancy, general levels of health and infant mortality. Many people argue that as long as the quality of life is improving in all public sectors then there is no concern for anyone. On the other hand some others argue that the failure to close this social difference is a disgrace particularly taking into account that the NHS has now been operational for 62 years and this still hasn’t removed the marked differences in all sections of health acrossRead MoreNhs Services : The Nhs2309 Words   |  10 PagesThe NHS itself originally came around in the year 1948 and was launched by Aneurin Bevan. It was all based on 3 principles which were; firstly to provide hospital services, se condly to provide primary care; family doctor services and finally community services such as maternity and child welfare clinics, health visitors, midwives, health education, vaccinations, immunisations and ambulance services. (Beryl Stretch, 2007) The NHS also wanted to provide health care for all individuals unconditionallyRead MoreUnit 1 P6 Describe How Political, Legal and Social Factors Are Impacting Upon the Business Activities of the Selected Organisations and Their Stakeholders1360 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction P6: This report describes the influence of political, legal and social factors on the activities of Coca-Cola Enterprises Ltd and Croydon Health Services NHS. The report also identifies how the aforementioned factors may affect its stakeholders. All businesses will be affected by factors in its environment. The following are the 3 main factors affecting businesses; 1. Social Factors Social factors refer to the changes in the lifestyle, behavior, attitudes and tastes of differentRead MoreA Study On Nursing Practice1692 Words   |  7 Pages I have chosen this article because as a nurse we will come across this kind of service users in the hospital environment and understanding their experiences will helps to improve the quality of care given to the patients. In nursing practice, research is one of the main tools available to question practice and seek answers and also to generate knowledge for nursing staff to contribute towards the development of nursing as a profession (Parahoo, 2006).Therefore, to ensure nursing practice is effective

Television Advertising And The Media Essay - 2022 Words

Advertisement plays a key role in determining the success of any brand. However, recent trends indicate that the appropriate medium of advertising keeps shifting with time. Today’ technology has resulted into fragmentation of television audience. Consequently, advertisers must innovate new was of capturing the audience attention. This paper focuses on three readings that explore the major shifts and implications of technology to advertising. Literature Review In Advertising and the media in motion, John Sinclair explores the various transformation that media has undergone over the years. According to him, this has had a tremendous influence on the manner in which advertisement is approached. The author traces the emergence of advertising agencies to the introduction of newspapers. These newspapers in turn enjoyed widespread audience and could reach an enormous number of readers. Soon thereafter, television advertising took over marking the onset of commercial television (Sinclair 2012). The article points out that television advertising itself has undergone dramatic changes following the introduction of ‘pay-TV’ (Sinclair 2012). Whereas advertisers could initially enter into a bargain with audience to view advertisements and programs for free, ‘pay-TV empowered consumers enormously. The author further notes that new technologies have brought a substantial crisis to the advertising industry as a whole. This is mainly because key players in the manufacturing, marketing andShow MoreRelated‚Äà ºMass Media (Television, the Internet, Advertising) Influence Youth Too Much Nowadays.‚Äà ¹ to What Extent Is This True?794 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Mass media (television, the internet, advertising) influence youth too much nowadays.† To what extent is this true? In the recent years, the prevalence of mass media has been undeniable. All over the world, youths have access to mass media through their smartphones, television sets and computers. In such a media-driven world, it is no surprise that mass media has come to play a substantial role in the attitudes and mindsets of youth. To a large extent, mass media does have the power to influenceRead MoreEffectiveness Of Print And Television Advertisements Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagesand Television advertisements, a Comparative study of the same brands on different media vehicles.† - Ayushee Bhatnagar Abstract In the age where technology has made things easy and convenient there are some things that have become complicated but necessary, same are the case with advertising. For the advertising companies, reaching to their target audience has become a complicated task. A significant shift from print media toRead MoreAdvertising Medi An Important Aspect966 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to advertising, the advertising media is an important aspect. Advertising media â€Å"are the various means by which the message is communicated to the target market† (Perrault, Cannon, McCarthy, 2013). There are several aspects that an advertiser must consider when choosing the best advertising medium to use, which can change depending on the situation. One way that advertisers can ensure effectiveness in terms of their advertising media is to make sure that they give careful considerationRead MoreChanging Face of Indian Advertisements1456 Words   |  6 Pagesconnects with promotional techniques used by advertising industry in India. The advertising industry in India is changing at a very fast pace. The promotional techniques that are now being used by the companies is focusing on a social cause and using common people as their brand representatives rather than using celebrity faces. Television, often called â€Å"king† of the advertising media has been constantly facing challenges from not only the digital print media, but also from the internet ads and socialRead MoreThe History of Advertising and Advantages and Disadvantages of Modern Advertising Techniques1744 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough the help of media. Media is correspondence channels through which news, entertainment, education, information, or special messages are spread. Media incorporates each TV and narrowcasting medium, for example, daily papers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax, and internet. Media is now divided into two which are the traditional media and new media. The traditional media includes newspapers, books, magazines, TV, and radio while the new media includes the internetRead MorePlanning an Advertising Campaign671 Words   |  3 PagesThe Flamingo Grill is an upscale restaurant located in St. Petersburg, Florida. To help plan an advertising campaign for the coming season, Flamingos management team hired the advertising firm of Haskell Johnson (HJ). The management team requested HJs recommendation concerning how the advertising budget should be distributed across television, radio, and newspaper advertisements. The budget has been set at $279,000. In a meeting with Flamingos management team, HJ consultants provided theRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Organizations1479 Words   |  6 PagesRaegan Yarbrough Mr. Cofran The Impact of Social Media on Organizations Research Paper The Impact of Social Media on Organizations For a long time, businesses have relied on word of mouth, fliers, and street hawkers to draw attention from consumers. As of today, social media has impacted businesses for over a decade. Although there are many social media sites, such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, a website focused solely on one’s business would likely be the most effective in promoting a productRead MoreEssay on Flamingo Grill674 Words   |  3 PagesCase Problem 1 Planning An Advertising Campaign The Flamingo Grill is an upscale restaurant located in St. Petersburg, Florida. To help plan an advertising campaign for the coming season, Flamingos management team hired the ad ­vertising firm of Haskell Johnson (HJ). The management team requested HJs recom ­mendation concerning how the advertising budget should be distributed across television, radio, and newspaper advertisements. The budget has been set at $279,000. In a meeting with FlamingosRead MoreEffects of TV Commercials on Consumers1134 Words   |  5 Pagesyou the best suited for your research project†. A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers (writing).Many of the researches have been conducted on effects of television commercials before this. A television commercial is used to spark interest in a product or services; without this influential and dominant form of advertisements, the majority of the companies and their respective products and services would not maximize their abilityRead MoreAdvertising Decline. In 1994, Rust And Oliver Predicted1124 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertising Decline In 1994, Rust and Oliver predicted the â€Å"Death of Advertising† in the Journal of Advertising (Dahlen Rosengren, 2016). It has been over twenty years since the authors suggested advertising academia should create a new name other than advertising and reinvent itself. Today, many believe that advertising is dead. Can it be that it’s not dead but advertising formats and spending patterns have just drastically changed (Dahlen Rosengren, 2016)? This document will examine the decline

Delphi Compiler Version Directives

If you plan on writing Delphi code that should work with several version of the Delphi compiler you need to know under which versions your code gets compiled. Suppose you are writing your own commercial custom component. Users of your component might have different Delphi versions than you have. If they try to recompile the components code—your code—they might be in trouble! What if you were using default parameters in your functions and the user has Delphi 3? Compiler directive: $IfDef Compiler directives are special syntax comments we can use to control the features of the Delphi compiler. The Delphi compiler has three types of directives: switch directives, parameter directives, and conditional directives. Conditional compilation lets us selectively compile parts of a source code depending on which conditions are set. The $IfDef compiler directive starts a conditional compilation section. The syntax looks like: {$IfDef DefName} ... {$Else} ... {$EndIf} The DefName presents the so-called conditional symbol. Delphi defines several standard conditional symbols. In the code above, if the DefName is defined the code above $Else gets compiled. Delphi Version Symbols A common use for the $IfDef directive is to test the version of the Delphi compiler. The following list indicates the symbols to check when compiling conditionally for a particular version of the Delphi compiler: SYMBOL - COMPILER VERSIONVER80 - Delphi 1VER90 - Delphi 2VER100 - Delphi 3VER120 - Delphi 4VER130 - Delphi 5VER140 - Delphi 6VER150 - Delphi 7VER160 - Delphi 8VER170 - Delphi 2005VER180 - Delphi 2006VER180 - Delphi 2007VER185 - Delphi 2007VER200 - Delphi 2009VER210 - Delphi 2010VER220 - Delphi XEVER230 - Delphi XE2WIN32 - Indicates that the operating environment is the Win32 API.LINUX - Indicates that the operating environment is LinuxMSWINDOWS - Indicates that the operating environment is the MS Windows/li]CONSOLE - Indicates that an application is being compiled as a console application By knowing the above symbols it is possible to write code which works with several versions of Delphi by using compiler directives to compile appropriate source code for each version. Note: symbol VER185, for example, is used to indicate Delphi 2007 compiler or an earlier version. Using VER symbols Its quite usual (and desirable) for each new Delphi version to add several new RTL routines to the language. For example, the IncludeTrailingBackslash function, introduced in Delphi 5, adds  \  to the end of a string if it is not already there. In the Delphi MP3 project, I have used this function and several readers have complained that they cant compile the project—they have some Delphi version prior to Delphi 5. One way to solve this problem is to create your own version of this routine - the AddLastBackSlash function. If the project should be compiled on Delphi 5, the IncludeTrailingBackslash is called. If some of the previous Delphi versions are used, then we simulate the IncludeTrailingBackslash function. It could look something like: function AddLastBackSlash(str: string) : string;begin{$IFDEF VER130}   Result:IncludeTrailingBackslash(str) ; {$ELSE}if Copy(str, Length(str), 1) \ then   Ã‚  Ã‚  Result : str   else   Ã‚  Result : str \;​{$ENDIF}end; When you call the AddLastBackSlash function Delphi figures out which portion of the function should be used and the other part is simply skipped. Delphi 2008 Delphi 2007 uses VER180 in order to maintain non-breaking compatibility with Delphi 2006 and then adds VER185 in order for development that specifically needs to target Delphi 2007 for whatever reason. Note: any time the interface of a unit changes the code that uses that unit has to be re-compiled. Delphi 2007 is non-breaking release meaning that DCU files from Delphi 2006 will work as-is.

Summary Formative And Summative Assessments - 1072 Words

Summary: Formative and Summative Assessments in the Classroom by Catherine Garrison and Michael Ehringhais This article discusses the differences of formative and summative assessments; when to practice them and in what way would formative and summative assessments benefit both teacher and student. According to the article, â€Å"Formative assessment is a part of the instructional process. When incorporated into the classroom practice it provides the information needed to adjust teaching and learning while they are happening† (Garrison Ehringhaus, 2009). Formative assessment informs both teacher and student where adjustments can be arranged. Examples of formative assessment can be asking students higher thinking questions, group discussions and assignments with no point value. â€Å"Summative assessments are given periodically to determine at a particular point in time what students know and do not know† (Garrison Ehringhaus, 2009). Summative assessments usually have a grade. Examples of summative assessments are; state assessments, benchmarks and standardized tests. Summa tive assessments are a means of measuring a students’ capacity. It is crucial that both forms of assessments are used in the classroom, one assessment without the other is ineffective. Summary: Seven Practices for Effective Learning by Jay McTighe Ken O’Connor This article focuses on seven practices teachers can implement in their classrooms, to help enhance learning and teaching. â€Å"Classroom assessment andShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Differentiating And Combining Formative And Summative Assessment1322 Words   |  6 PagesTheme: The importance of differentiating and combining formative and summative assessment. Articles: Formative and Summative Assessments in the Classroom by Catherine Garrison Michael Ehringhaus, Does President Obama believe standardized testing has gone too far by Trip Gabriel, Seven Practices for Effective Learning by Jay McTighe Ken O’Connor, and Formative Assessment in Seven Good Moves by Brent Duckor Chapters: Teaching Elementary Social Studies: Strategies, Standards and Internet ResourceRead MoreEffectiveness Of Daily Formative Assessments886 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion This study investigated the effectiveness of daily formative assessments in the success of low-achieving ninth-grade Algebra 1 students. Sending students into annual standardized tests, like the Algebra 1 End of course exam, without quality daily assessments, often end with students being placed in remedial courses the following year. The continual use of giving students failing unit test grades, unsatisfactory semester exams that fail them for the semester, and no daily feedbackRead MoreAssessment Of Teaching And Learning1400 Words   |  6 PagesAssessment for Learing (AfL) forms a critical feature of teaching in the present day – more and more it is becoming a focal point of the teaching practice. It is becoming a key component of lesson planning and is an aspect of teaching and learning AfL forms part of teaching standard 6 â€Å"make accurate and productive use of assessment† (Department for Education, 2011) and this includes both summative and formative assessment. Formerly, the focus of teaching and of lesson planning was heavily weightedRead MoreEvaluation Of Assessment And Evaluation1062 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment and Evaluation Introduction Assessment and Evaluation are two very different aspects in the realm of education that appears to be fairly similar, both are the different sides of the same coin which is testing. The marked differences in both assessment and evaluation are especially important. Assessment refers to the referral and collection of data to describe or better understand an issue, whereas evaluation is done by referring to data by comparing data in order to judge and decideRead MoreStudent Assessment And The Use Of Assessment Data1408 Words   |  6 PagesStudent Assessment and the Use of Assessment Data The most important aspect of student learning is constant assessment and analyses of the data from those assessments. Students must be evaluated to ensure that they are receiving rigorous instruction. The analysis of assessment data will assist teachers with gauging how much knowledge the students are retaining. The data will also assist teachers with lesson adjustment. Student assessment is accomplished by utilizing a variety of assessment instrumentsRead MoreAnalyzing The Classroom And Formative Assessment Of Second / Foreign Language Teaching And Learning Written By Ketabi And Ketabi774 Words   |  4 PagesAssessment Article English Learners need an abundance of additional supports to ensure their success while trying to acquire English. Currently, I have numerous visual supports along with graphic organizers to scaffold instruction. Graphic organizers provide students with opportunities to develop language (Gottlieb, 2006). For example, when using a compare and contrast organizer students learn to use words like similar, likewise, and however (Gottlieb, 2006). From my experience, a student’s writingRead MoreFormative AssessmentThe Goal Of Formative Assessment1091 Words   |  5 PagesFormative Assessment The goal of formative assessment is to gather feedback that can be used by the instructor and the students to guide improvements in the ongoing teaching and learning context. These are low stakes assessments for students and instructors. Summative Assessment The goal of summative assessment is to measure the level of success or proficiency that has been obtained at the end of an instructional unit, by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Examples: †¢ Examples: †¢Read MoreEffective Instruction For English Learners1414 Words   |  6 PagesSummary one: Effective Instruction for English Learners Calderon, Slavin and Sanchez (2011) in their article â€Å"Effective Instruction for English Learners† consider the problem of students who are non English speakers and come to live in the USA for several reasons such as immigrants. The U.S government requires every school that has more than 5 percent non-English speakers to provide these with specialized programs. The authors go to explain useful instructions for teaching students English LanguageRead MoreTda 3.7 Support Assessment for Learning Essay1236 Words   |  5 PagesSUPPORT ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING 1.1 Compare and contrast the roles of the teacher and the learning support practitioner in assessment of learners’ achievements. The class teachers’ main role is to monitor and assess pupils’ achievement. They need to be aware of the progression made by all the children in their class and be able to report back to both the parents and other staff. As a Teaching assistant my main role is to support the class teacher whilst this ongoing assessment of pupilsRead MoreAssessment Strategies : Formative And Summative1123 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent assessment strategies, both formative and summative, to help me evaluate what students have learned in my classroom. The standard paper/pencil test to assess student learning is no longer the norm. There are various ways I can assess a student’s learning that will not take a lot of time or planning. Today’s advances in technology provide me with a broad range of different strategies. The word â€Å"test† is most often associated with the paper/pencil format. I realize that not all assessments in the

Sentencing Paper Free Essays

Sentencing Paper Deadrian Williams CJS/ 200 3/3/2013 Bryan Maglicco Six Forms of Punishment Fines are one of the oldest forms of punishment, the use of fines as criminal sanctions suffers from built in inequities and a widespread failure to collect them (Schmalleger, 2011). Fines can deprive offenders of the proceeds of criminal activity, and also promote rehabilitation by enforcing economic responsibility (Schmalleger, 2011). People have to pay fines when they break minor laws, such as driving while intoxicated, reckless driving, disturbing the peace, public drunkenness, and vandalism (Schmalleger, 2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Sentencing Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Capital punishment is the death penalty. Capital punishment is the most extreme of all sentencing options (Schmalleger, 2011). Capital punishment is sentenced when someone comments a capital offense. In 2008, for example, a twenty eight year old man was sentenced to death in the atrocious murder of a ten year old girl in what authorities said was an elaborate plan to cannibalize the girls flesh (Schmalleger, 2011). Today, the federal government and 35 of the 50 states permit execution for first degree murder, kidnapping, aggravated rape, the murder of a police or corrections officer, or murder while under a life sentence (Schmalleger, 2011). Probation is another form of punishment. Probation means testing the behavior or abilities. In a legal sense, an offender on probation is ordered to follow certain conditions set forth by the court, often under the supervision of a probation officer (Wikipedia, 2013). Offenders are ordinarily required to refrain from firearms, and may be ordered to remain employed, have a curfew, live in a decent place and not leave the jurisdiction (Wikipedia, 2013). Incarceration is another form of punishment. Jails are shorter lock up centers ran by counties and operated by sheriffs (Cliffnotes. com Types of Sentences, 2013). Usually inmates that are in jail are waiting to go to trial who were unable to make bail, people with misdemeanors, and felons who violated probation (Cliffnotes. com Types of Sentences, 2013). Also people re incarcerated in prisons who are convicted felons. Prisons are operated by the state (Cliffnotes. com Types of Sentences, 2013). Community service is another form of punishment. Community service is paying your debt back to society for the wrong doings that a person does, by doing work that benefits the community (Cliffnotes. com Types of Sentences, 2013). People doing community service clean up highways, cut grass, plant trees and flo wers, and wash away graffiti. People who are punished with community service have a certain amount of hours they must do to complete the community service order. Failure to complete community service can lead to possibly jail time and more fines. Reducing recidivism Recommendations on how to modify the sentencing process would be to look at the record of the defendant and also the severity of the crime when sentencing. If someone has committed a murder or a rape, or kidnapping then they should get the severest sentence possible even if it is their first time because those crimes are against people. Families have been destroyed because of what the person did. Good behavior should not play in the sentencing of these offenders. They did not think about the victims when they committed the crime so the courts should not give them a break because of good behavior. If the sentencing process was stricter and focused more on the offender punishment and not what other people would say and feel about the crime then it would be a lot less crimes. References Cliffnotes. com Types of Sentences. (2013, March 4). Retrieved from Cliffnotes. com: http://m. cliffnotes. com Schmalleger, F. (2011). Criminal Justice Today. Prentice Hall. Wikipedia, (2013). How to cite Sentencing Paper, Essay examples

Native Americans and their Civil Rights free essay sample

While Native Americans lived in different ways, they shared a love for their land. Many Native Americans still speak of the â€Å"mother earth.† Our ancestors were taught to view the land as part of them. For Native Americans the land was not something the people could own, it could not be bought and sold. The cultures of the different tribes respected the land upon which they built their lives. But, who had the rights to the land? History tells us that Native Americans settled on this land many years ago along the Atlantic Ocean. In 1942 strange looking men came upon the island in which the Native Americans called home. We welcomed the men as brothers and shared all that we had to give. The strangers were sailors from Europe. Eventually more Europeans would cross the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the Americas. As the numbers grew there became conflict over who had the right to the North American land. On one hand the Native Americans who did not believe that land, or any other resource should be owned. Instead the Native Americans lived on the land and shared the wealth. But yet the Europeans came to North America in search of land, something to call their own. Today Native Americans fight with the federal government for the right of land, sufficient social, medical and educational services for our tribal members. This tends to be an important issue for us today. In the late 1800s, Native Americans gave most of their land to the federal government in exchange for the promise that they could remain on their reservation land and have their rights upheld. The federal government has not held up their end of the responsibilities to this date. The U.S. government made a legal commitment to the Native Americans when the land was ceded to the United States. This commitment is written in dry ink in treaties, federal law, executive orders, judicial opinions, and international doctrine. The promise in which the U.S. government made to the Native Americans can be divided into three obligations: the protection of Indian lands, the protection of tribal self-governance; and provision of basic social, medical, and educational services for our tribal members. The government has thus far failed to follow through with the promise to uphold these obligations. The U.S. Commission conducted a report on Civil Rights that stated that there was extremely lower funding for critical Indian services, including law enforcement, health care, and education than there is for all other populations of people. Our Native American people are angered that the U.S. government has not been so graciously honest when it comes to something so sacred in their belief system. Many of our tribes are trying to buy back the lands that separate their current reservation sites. The land is important to the many different tribes in the United States and surrounding countries. Chief Weninock stated many decades ago, â€Å"God created the Indian Country, and it was like he spread out a blanket. He put the Indians on it. God created the fish in the river and put deer in the mountains. The creator gave Indians life. As soon as we saw the game and fish we knew they were made for us. For the women, God made roots and berries to gather. The Indians grew and multiplied as a people. When we were created, we were given our land to live on. From that time on this was our right. We had the fish, the game and the berries before the white man came. This was the food on which we lived. We were not brought here from the foreign land. We were put here by the creator.† The Europeans have a different take on the situation though. Europeans thought they had the right to the land. Governor John Winthrop was the leader of the early settlers and he explained, â€Å"The whole earth is the Lord’s garden. He has given it to all his people so that they can increase a nd multiply. The Bible tells us to use the land to support our growing numbers. It tells us to tame the wilderness, to turn empty wasteland into fruitful farmland. The Indians of New England do not plow the land. They do not fence the farm fields. They do not raise cattle or build permanent homes and towns. If we leave the Indians enough land for their needs, we have the right to the rest. There is plenty of land here for both our people to use. With that being said it is the federal government’s duty to uphold their trusts and promises that were made so long ago to our Native people. As American citizens we are not to settle for anything less than what we deserve. It is the combination of rights, responsibilities, and duties that characterizes what it means to be a citizen of a free, democratic society. As a citizen, we are free to exercise our rights. In return we are expected to fulfill certain duties and responsibilities. The Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina has in excess of 55, 000 members that reside primarily in Robeson, Hoke, Cumberland, and Scotland counties. The Lumbee Tribe is the largest tribe in North Carolina, the largest tribe east of the Mississippi River and the ninth largest in the nation. The Lumbee take their name from the Lumbee River, which winds its way through Robeson County, and by which many native members fish and hunt to provide for their families. The Lumbee people have been recognized by the state of North Carolina since 1885. In 1956 a bill was passed by the United States Congress which recognized the Lumbee as Indian, but denied the tribe full status as a federally recognized Indian tribe. Federal recognition for the tribe is currently being sought through federal legislation. This Lumbee Federal Recognition, would give back some of the rights that we have been so diligently refused for so many years. The Lumbees have continuously existed in and around Robeson County since the early part of the eighteenth century. Civil rights are the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law. Did the Civil Rights movement create equal opportunity for All Americans? The Civil Rights Act took effect in 1964. The Act protects citizens against the discrimination on the basis of gender, race, color, religion, and national origin. Native Americans are one of many minorities and the movement for American Indian civil rights began almost as soon as Europeans started to arrive in the North America. Native Americans have been denied basic civil rights for many years. Native American Indians did not have a particular period of fighting for their civil rights, measures have been taken to achieve equal rights for American Indians throughout history. Because American Indians are citizens of their own tribal nations and the United States there is a particular tension between rights granted within the tribal sovereignty and their rights as a U.S. citizen. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the U.S. government attempted to control the travel of Native Americans off Indian reservations. Since Native Americans did not obtain U.S. citizenship until 1924, they were considered wards of the state and were denied various basic rights, including the right to travel. The loss of the right to free movement across the country was difficult for Native Americans, especially since many tribes traditionally traveled to hunt, fish, and visit other tribes. The passage of the Indian Citizenship Act in 1924 granted citizenship to all Indians born in America. As a result, American Indians were finally granted free travel in the United States. At the present time, Native Americans who live on reservations are free to travel as they wish. After years of unequal schooling, for reasons from racist schools to insufficiently funded schools, the National Indian Education Association (NIEA) was formed to fight for equal education for American Indians in 1969. Another right American Indian Activists strove for was media protection: advocates went all the way to the United Nations to seek laws that protected the rights of Native people to own their own media, and for the prosecution of those who persecuted their journalists. Religious rights were also a major concern for the Native Americans. Until 1935, American Indian people could be fined and sent to prison for practicing their traditional religious beliefs. In more recent times, there has been controversy around the use of American Indian symbols such as for school or team mascots. Concerns are that the use of the symbols distort American Indian history and culture and often stereotype in offensive ways.